Consumer awareness in stock markets - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1642 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Did you like this example? Report On Internship Undertaken At Royal Technosoft Pvt ltd Aziz Ahmed Kagzi Dhirubhai Ambani Institute Of Information And Communication Technology, Gandhinagar Supervisor Prof. P.M. Jat On Site Supervisor Mr. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Consumer awareness in stock markets" essay for you Create order Tejas Shah Royal Technosoft Pvt ltd, 2nd floor, Surbhi Complex, c.g road, Opposite municipal market, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Abstract This document gives an insight into the project that was given to me as a part of my internship and training period. This document includes maintain and cope up with the growing competition from the various online trading providers, company needs to find potential clients, also the new investors and satisfy their needs. The project also helps in understanding the trend of the scripts of the particular sector (banking sector) in different market condition. All these steps help me to understand how to cope up with different types of people and their diversified need and satisfaction level. INTRODUCTION Stock trading has evolved tremendously. Since the very first Initial Public Offering (IPO) in the 13th century, owning shares of a company has been a very attractive incentive. Most of the recent advancements with the trading have been due to the Internet. The Internet has allowed online trading. In contrast to the past where only those who could afford the expensive stock brokers, anyone who wishes to be active in the stock market can now do so at a very low cost per transaction. Trading can even be done through Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) use of mobile devices such as hand computers and cellular phones. The stock market has grown so that some argue that it represents a countrys economy. This growth has been enjoyed largely to the credibility and reputation that the stock market has earned. PURPOSE There is growing competition between brokerage firms in post reform India. For investor it is always difficult to decide which brokerage firm to choose. Since this industry is growing having growth rate that attract me for doing in this field that I can gather more and more knowledge about the share market. It was the great experience in that field. Research was carried out to find that which brokerage house, people prefer and to figure out what people want while investing in stock market. This study suggests that people are reluctant while investing in stock and commodity market due to lack of knowledge. Main purpose of investment is returns and liquidity, commodity market is less preferred by investors due to lack of awareness. The major findings of this study are that the people are interested to invest in stock market but they have lack of knowledge. Through this report we were also able to understand, what are our Companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s strong and weak points, on the basis of which we come to know what can be the basis of pitching to a potential client. SCOPE I would like to tell that now a day on line trading is a booming field for investor because they can generate more returns as compared to other fields. I got experience regarding on line trading when I went to market for survey because I met no of person for knowing awareness of on line trading, Dmat account, and comparative analysis between different stock brokers. This project will help for those who do not have the knowledge about the trading and services offered by the different broker company. It will also help for the people who are interested in the trading and in share market. This will also helpful for the company because it is containing the cooperative analysis of the different broker company, it also contains the strong and weak points of company. By that way they can remove their weaknesses and can add more and more costumers in their series because people are facing a lot of problem regarding online trading. Hence this project has multidimensional scope OBJECTIVE To know about the awareness of the consumers towards stock brokers and share market. To study the market share of company in the Share market and identify the areas of competitive advantage over other players. To study about consumer awareness satisfaction, about operational Services procedures of company. To study about the difficulties faced by the clients/trades while trading with company. To identify the lacuna in the present system suggesting the measures improvement in current Trading system. To study about the on line terminal terms and Dmat account of company. DEMATERIALISATION Dematerialization is the process of converting physical shares (share certificates) into an electronic form. Shares once converted into dematerialized form are held in a Demat account. Dematerialization Process An investor having securities in physical form must get them dematerialized, if he intends to sell them. This requires the investor to fill a Demat Request Form (DRF) which is available with every DP and submit the same along with the physical certificates. Every security has an ISIN (International Securities Identification Number). If there is more than one security than the equal number of DRFs has to be filled in. The whole process goes on in the following manner: ii.Rematerialisation The process of getting the securities in an electronic form, converted back into the physical form is known as Rematerialisation. An investor can rematerialize his shares by filling in a Remat Request Form (RRF). The whole process goes on as follows: TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES USED 1. Calculate Index Index value = ÃŽÂ £(market cap of securities)/index divisor 2. Investor Terminal (IT) Investor Terminal is equity trading terminal for low volume trader. This is web based terminal and could access from anywhere. This product provides limited features in comparison of Trader Terminal, which is another product provided by 5Paisa. Trader Terminal (TT) Few popular features of trader terminal are: Fast trade execution with instant trade confirmation. Live streaming quotes and price watch on any number of stocks. Intra day charts, updated live, tick-by-tick. Live margin, position, marked to market profit loss report. Set any number of price alerts on any number of scrips. Flexibility to customize screen layout and setting. Facility to customize any number of portfolios watch lists. Facility to cancel all pending orders at one click. Facility to square off all transactions at one click. Top Gainers, Top Losers, Most Active, updated live. Index information; index chart, index stock information live. Market depth, i.e. Best 5 bids and offers, updated live for all stocks. Online access to both accounts and DP to check live updated Order and Trade Book. Facility to place after market orders. Online fund transfer facility from leading Banks including ICICI, HDFC, CITI and UTI banks. Online intra-day technical calls. Historical charts and technical analysis tools. LIMITATIONS The various Limitations are: Lack of awareness of Stock market:- Since the area is not known before it takes lot of time in convincing people to start investing in shares primarily in (Initial Public Offerings)IPOà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s. Mostly people comfortable with traditional brokers:- As people are doing trading from their respective brokers , they are quite comfortable to trade via phone. Lack of Techno Savy people and poor internet penetration:- Since most of the people are quite experienced. They are not techno. savy and also internet penetration is poor in India. Some respondents are unwilling to talk:- Some respondents either do not have time or willing does not respond as they are quite annoyed with the phone call. Inaccurate Leads : Sometimes leads are provided which had error in it which varies from only 5 digit phone number to wrong phone number. Misleading concepts:- Some people think that Shares are too risky and just another name of gamble but they donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t know its not at all that risky for long investors. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the study it is found that company has better services Provider than the other stockbrokers because of their timely research and Personalized advice on what stocks to buy and sell. Company provides the facility on line trading as well as relationship manager facility for encouragement and protects the interest of the investors. It also provides the information through the internet and mobile alerts that what IPOà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s are coming in the market and it also provides its research on the future prospect of the IPO. Study also concludes that people are not much aware of commodity market and while ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s going to be biggest market in India. The company should also organize seminars and similar activities to enhance the knowledge of prospective and existing customers, so that they feel more comfortable while investing in the stock market. The awareness of equity market is not up to marks among the people for which people is not attracting in t his market. But the future is bright of the equity market in the coming future .If we do more and more activities regarding equity market and mutual funds then we can add more and more customers for company. ACKNOWLEDGMENT It gives me great pleasure to present the project report entitled à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Online trading of sharesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Preservation, inspiration and motivation have always played a key role in the success of any venture. In the present world of competition and success, training is like a bridge between theoretical and practical working; willingly I prepared this particular Project. I would like to thank my onsite mentor Mr. Tejas Shah and Royal Technosoft for constantly guiding, motivating and encouraging me. I also thank my project Guide for giving me their valuable inputs for the project. Last but definitely not the least my gratitude goes to Prof. P M Jat (Project Coordinator, M.Sc.IT-2015) and Prof. Maitrayee Mukerji (Project Coordinator, M.Sc.IT-2015) for their valuable support for traineeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s professional. REFERENCES HTTP://WWW.CAPITALINE.COM HTTP://WWW.SHAREKHAN LTD.COM . HTTP://WWW.HDFCSECURITY.COM HTTP://WWW.KARVY.COM WWW.CDSL.COM HTTP://WWW.BSEINDIA.COM HTTP://WWW.INDIAINFOLINE.COM/ WWW.INDIABULLS.COM WWW.SCRIBD.COM

Speech Invention And Organization - 1230 Words

Invention and Organization Debra Burns May 3, 2016 Grantham University Invention and Organization Part I: Topic Search 1. What issue or problem would you like to write about? Should an 18 year olds be allowed to purchase alcohol? 2. Choose a side. What is your view on the issue? What is the opposing view? Some might say that they should not be able to purchase alcohol, but I feel that they should be allowed to do so. For one because of drunk driving. For another because of binge drinking and alcohol poisoning. Lastly because of alcohol being associate with violent behavior. 3. What specific change might fix this issue? The specific changes that can fix this issue is to make them legal to drink at that age for simple reasons to cut down drunk driving as to being blight on our civilization with the average being very high on individuals that die each year due to driving drunk relating to death. 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Cross Road by Bon Jovi free essay sample

Cross Road Bon Jovi’s album, â€Å"Cross Road,† released in 1994, is a fantastic album for anybody who enjoys great rock music. All fourteen songs on the album are great hits, many of which almost everybody would recognize. â€Å"Cross Road† was Bon Jovi’s first greatest hits album. It includes songs from his 1984 album, â€Å"Bon Jovi,† and his 1992 album, â€Å"Keep the Faith,† along with some new singles. The first single that was released from the album, â€Å"Always,† spent six months in the top ten on the Billboard Hot 100. It was Bon Jovi’s highest selling single in the United States. â€Å"Always† was also a worldwide hit, reaching number one in thirteen different countries. Cross Road has sold over 21.5 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best selling albums of all time. â€Å"Cross Road† has achieved many great things throughout the twenty years of its existence. And it deserves all of it. We will write a custom essay sample on Cross Road by Bon Jovi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A lot of the time, many songs on an album are overlooked, due to the more popular ones that receive the majority of the credit. â€Å"Livin’ On A Prayer,† â€Å"Wanted Dead Or Alive,† and â€Å" You Give Love A Bad Name† are all amazing songs, and are probably the most popular and well known songs on the album. All of the other songs on this album deserve just as much credit. Jon Bon Jovi took part in writing every single song on the album, and a lot of them he wrote by himself. Because of this, nearly every song has an awesome story behind it. For example, Jon Bon Jovi and Richie Sambora wrote â€Å"Runaway† after Sambora came up to Jon Bon Jovi after one of his concerts(this was before the band, Bon Jovi, was formed) and told him that he should be a guitarist. Jon told him off, but said to come to a rehearsal sometime. Sambora came to a rehearsal and things clicked. Thus, Bon Jovi was born. Bon Jovi has one of the most obvious, burning passions f or music that I have ever heard. Jon Bon Jovi and all the band members pour their hearts and souls out into every single song on â€Å"Cross Road†. I love that every song has a story behind it, and in my opinion, albums like that, are far better than any others. I feel that the artist can really make the album their own when they write the songs themselves. â€Å"Cross Road† exemplifies exactly this. Bon Jovi does a fantastic job on this album and I would recommend it for anybody who enjoys hard rock music.

Three perspectives in the organisational theory

Introduction There are three perspectives that are instrumental in the analysis of organisational theory, viz. the modernist, symbolic interpretive, and the post-modernist perspectives. The focus of this paper is the decision by McDonalds to open a new station at Tecoma Victoria, which has been met by opposition and hostility by the limited populace (2085 residents) of this small village located in the Dandenong Ranges.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Three perspectives in the organisational theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The primary objection launched by the villagers is the threat to the ranges’ tourism industry and the anticipated pollution that shall result from having such an outlet as the various customers litter the streets and pollute the environment with such waste. On the other hand, McDonalds is pushing for the establishment at Tecoma, most likely because of the hundreds of thousands of tourists that visit the area during peak seasons. Modernist Analysis Environment Modernist theorists construe the environment as an external element of the organisation so that in diagrammatic expression it would resemble the figure below: Figure 1 However, this external entity imposes constraints and restrictions on the performance of the organisation and requires compliance. Nevertheless, in most cases, scholars argue that what happens within an organisation carries more weight compared to what happens outside the same. This assertion might be true to some extent, but external environment to an organisation cannot be overlooked and thus failure to comply usually results in the risk of failure to survive. Additionally, the organisation’s structure is influenced by these external pressures, which are not usually fully understood by the organisation’s leaders albeit forming a significant motivation for the organisation’s policies (Scott 2007).Advertising L ooking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the decision by McDonald’s to open an outlet in Tecoma indicates one such reaction to environmental factors. The possible factor in question is the lack of an avid competitor in the region especially in light of the fact that during peak seasons, hundreds of tourists flock the ranges. The three elements of modernist organisational environment include the inter-organisational network, the general environment, and the international or global environment. The inter-organisational network entails employees, suppliers, distributers, customers, and special interest groups. In the case of the Tecoma outlet decision, McDonald’s has already burnt several bridges with the local residents, who would usually form the bulk of employees and consumers. This aspect is hazardous and unwise and some major damage control is necessary for the McDonaldâ₠¬â„¢s quest to materialise (Greenwood et al. 2008). In a bid to ensure better relations, it is necessary for the McDonald’s organisation to readjust its entrance strategy into the Tecoma market. Without the goodwill of the target market segment, it would be almost impossible for McDonald’s to make a successful entry into the region. One of the possible ways it can undertake this venture is by ensuring that it regulates its pollution policy to align it with the standards established by the Tecoma residents. Since one of the primary reasons why the Tecoma residents feel that they should not have a McDonald’s restaurant in the neighbourhood is the littering that usually accompanies the organisation’s outlet locations, one way to resolve these concerns would be for McDonald’s to go green with its packaging at Tecoma (Oltedal et al. 2004). It is imperative that if they resolve the public outrage by assuring the residents of a green packaging policy, the y should ensure that they maintain the green packaging throughout their stay at Tecoma, even and especially during peak seasons when there is high demand. Additionally, McDonald’s has a Ronald McDonald’s charity program that it could use to assuage the irate citizens of Tecoma. Jones (2012) notes that corporate social responsibility programs can assuage the target population and the aforementioned charity program can play this part to the benefit of McDonald’s entry in Tecoma. Part of how it could use this strategy would be identifying the areas that Tecoma has weaknesses at and improving on the same.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Three perspectives in the organisational theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One such way is by providing the kindergarten, which is located on the opposite of the site that McDonald’s is proposing to have its outlet constructed, with nutritional meals as well as lessons. The parents of the children who attend the kindergarten are understandably concerned that a fast food restaurant is setting up shop opposite their children’s school. This concern is in light of the worrying statistics regarding obesity rates in children, especially viewed against the backdrop of the very sustainable environment at Tecoma as well as the apparently organic lifestyle that the residents there enjoy, which is the primary attraction of tourists to the area. Perhaps one way that McDonald’s could restore public trust would be to suggest to the council a proposal for having the local community establish a nutritional as well as ‘sustainability’ committee, whose primary purpose shall be oversight and coordination with the McDonald’s outlet in the area. This assertion holds because the community is clearly afraid of losing its grasp over the indigenous composition of Tecoma. On the other hand, McDonald’s has some ve ry healthy packages that the members of this healthy community could easily embrace and accept. Adam et al. (2000) note that giving people what they need is the backbone of any successful business venture. What is lacking is an open channel of communication between McDonald’s and the opinion setters in the community. However, it is important to mend the relations between these two entities, as there shall be constant interactions between the two in the process of business operations in the region. Culture The second aspect of modernist perspective that has a bearing on McDonald’s decision to set up an outlet at Tecoma has to do with culture. The Tecoma residents manifest a native spirit that is devoid of the city influence. They are homemakers and families that enjoy the native landscape instead of suburbia, which is also the primary reason why those residing in the city enjoy visits to this peaceful and serene neighbourhood. McDonald’s decision to set up an out let in the neighbourhood is not utterly repulsive if closely analysed especially in light of McDonald’s history. For instance, when McDonald’s set up base in Asia for the first time, it shifted its focus to fishy foods including fish burgers because the oriental people prefer fish to meat (McDonald’s Corporation, 2008). The same is the case with the Tecoma area.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It would suit McDonalds nicely if it came up with a strategy that matched the Tecoma kind of lifestyle and one that was a reflection of the spirit of the area. As aforementioned, connecting with and meeting the clients’ tastes and preferences form the backbone of any successful business venture. In short, it would not be beneficial to set up a shop that looks or operates in a manner that is clearly out of place (Hoffman Ventresca 2003), as such a move would make McDonald’s a social pariah and defeat the purpose of the new establishment capturing the tourist market. McDonald’s may argue that the tourists that visit the place would like to get a Mac burger is a place that is so far out of town, and whereas that may be true, it is also true that to create an establishment that is completely out of place is imprudent. Eventually, the tourists’ experience of a life out of suburbia would diminish and since McDonald’s is a pacesetter, many other city est ablishments would soon infiltrate Tecoma in their indigenous city forms and this move would destroy the native area. In a bid to avoid this chain of destruction, McDonald’s could come up with a genius idea of producing a unique product that is both environmentally and nutritionally sustainable while still being different from the local competitors (Hatch Cunliffe 2012). This aspect would mean that competition is based on an equal basis and locals do not feel like they are losing their modest means to a bully and/or a tycoon. Culture also has to do with the local culture versus the organisation’s culture. McDonald’s is originally an American organisation and this aspect means that by default, its system and structure reflect the American culture. Indications of this American culture include: a) individualistic as opposed to collectivist; b) Low power distance; c) equal masculinity versus feminity d) low uncertainty avoidance, and d) short term orientation (Brown , Gudis Moskowitz 2006). In brief, these dimensions reflect various opposites with the Tecoma culture. For instance, judging by the reaction that was depicted by the citizens over a bid to open a new outlet in the area, Tecoma indicates that it has high uncertainty avoidance, which is opposite to the McDonald’s culture of low uncertainty avoidance and clearly is one of the conflicting points (Hatch 2007). Tecoma residents are unwilling to risk having McDonald’s as a competitor in the region. One of the reasons that they cite is that McDonald’s expatriates profits back to the United States and this aspect would remove from the revenue making process enjoyed by the tourism industry. One way that McDonalds could avoid this trap would be perhaps to come up with a way of ensuring corporate social responsibility in the area as aforementioned. The tourism industry is already thriving. However, it could be better with the input of ingenious stratagem by both the locals and McDonald’s. McDonald’s has the luxury of enjoying an international presence, as some of its outlets are being located in places with similar endowments as the Tecoma area. Therefore, it could use this knowledge to build Tecoma, with the aid of the locals and thus gain trust and acceptance amongst the locals. The rest of the cultural dimensions come into play when considering the employees of McDonald’s. As indicated in the rebuttal offered by McDonald’s to the council when it was bidding for the available space, the organisation would come in handy in providing the local residents’ children with employment opportunities. This element is a strong point; however, it requires a cautious approach because the Tecoma society seems traditional to say the least and some matters may yet prove sensitive. One such matter would be that of employment ration of men versus women and another would be the power distance. The Tecoma society depicts a high power distance affiliation, which means that the majority of the residents would be more comfortable with a system with leadership hierarchies and where decision making comes from the top. However, this strategy is not a sustainable plan and McDonald’s could make this point. Additionally, the reduction of power distance might yet be the solution that McDonald’s needs to become integrated into the Tecoma society. To further explain this point, since the Tecoma society is going to need a more indigenous version of McDonald’s before it can fully accept the change, it would be better to coach the new McDonald’s on the ways of Tecoma, which means the company should use local residents to influence the society. In essence, it may turn out that the Tecoma residents feel comfortable simply because their own are working at McDonalds. Symbolic-interpretive Perspective Whereas the modernist perspective is basically explaining the cause of the decision as well as oppositi on of McDonald’s setting up shop in Tecoma, a symbolic interpretive perspective seeks to promote an understanding of both the decision and the implications. In a bid to achieve this goal, it becomes imperative to bring out the epistemological aspect of the decision, which is basically â€Å"what is known† and the go further to explain â€Å"how it is known†. In terms of the environment, Tecoma enjoys a lush rainforest climate with regular rains and moderate temperatures. This aspect means that the nature walk trails are a treasured feature among the residents of Tecoma and that is helpful in understanding the cause of the violent reaction of the locals. It is noteworthy that Tecoma has a resident population of 2085 citizens. Most of these are families and they have their source of income set up in the area in its close knit structure and it is thus understandable that they would feel threatened when a major player like McDonald’s comes knocking on their d oorstep and this aspect explains why they have fought McDonald’s from the beginning. Additionally, as the council responded to the community’s petition to appeal the decision at the Supreme Court indicating that they did not have adequate means to sustain such an appeal, the local governance is not too wealthy in terms of resources. This realisation means that Tecoma is a small town with people who know each other and who share the same values and at least the aversion to city life. It follows that from this kind of orientation, the citizens would have difficulty adjusting to the prospects of city players such as McDonald’s. They would correctly argue that besides during the peak seasons when the tourists visit the area, McDonald’s has no justification to stay on continuously. Moreover, the fact that McDonalds is not a local organisation, meaning that the profits that are made from the sale of fast foods to tourists shall repatriate back to the home count ry, the United States of America, is another thorn in the flesh. Another cause of dissatisfaction and contention, which bears most weight, is the matter of pollution, in other words, sustainability of the environment. McDonald’s throughout Australia and the world are known for their packaging and since they cannot control what the various consumers do with the wrappings of the meal, and thus they cannot guarantee 100 percent no littering. They may state that they shall come up with a garbage collection plan to ensure that they collect any of the waste that is directly sourced from their outlet, or that they shall use paper, which is organic and thus friendly. However, none of these solutions shall remain adequate for the Tecoma residents who have until McDonald’s entry enjoyed a clean and litter free environment. It follows that the possible solution that McDonald’s can offer does not lie in the garbage plan, but in a different sector that may somehow cover the eyes of the Tecoma residents. The question is answered in yet another problem and that is the nutritional hazard that is posed by McDonald’s. McDonald’s is a fast food restaurant and with the term ‘fast food’ these days comes the associated fear of obesity, which now is an epidemic in the United States, thanks to fast foods such as McDonald’s. This aspect may seem like a paltry concern of the residents, but it is probably at the root of their opposition. Opposite the site where McDonalds wants to set up shop is a kindergarten school where most of the residents’ children go to school. In a bid to settle the fears of childhood obesity, McDonald’s would do well to come up with a healthy menu to market to the children as well as nutritional lessons to offer to the schools around, perhaps as part of the corporate social responsibility. In every challenge there lies an opportunity and McDonald’s should perhaps focus on the opportunity and make the best out of it. However, it is also noteworthy that this suggested solution is based on other research that has proved successful in other areas and that herein lays the risk of overgeneralisations, meaning that the researcher could be assuming (wrongly) that the other research is applicable to Tecoma. It is also risky that the suggestions could be mistaken from personal subjective experiences based on the data collected from the media reports of the Tecoma incidents. These are the risks that are attached to the symbolic interpretative perspective and they could be at play in this particular analysis as well. The Postmodernist Perspective The modernist analysis of the McDonald’s decision to open a new outlet in Tecoma is based on two primary core assumptions. First is the notion that the decision was probably made by those in management without any consultation with those in lower ranks such as the various employees who would be posted to Tecoma or with the Teco ma council to avoid the backlash that the McDonald’s organisation is currently suffering from its potential stakeholders. Secondly is the modernist idea that uncertainty is not desirable, as this is the presumption that has caused the opposition by Tecoma residents. In a bid to deconstruct these assumptions in order to provide a critique, which would lead to a better appreciation of the decision by McDonald’s, would require a shift in thinking. For instance, instead of looking at change as an undesirable aspect, the Tecoma residents could choose to look at this notion as a thrill. The same applies to McDonald’s. As proposed in the modernist perspective, perhaps the solution to the opposition lies in the changing of McDonald’s modus operandi, and whereas on the face of it this may seem like a risky idea, it is in fact a genius idea. To further explore the issue, the idea of suiting up McDonald’s as a local Tecoma outlet would for instance include a face lift. Contemporary McDonald’s outlets have an urban look towards them and this aspect is part of the brand identity. It is understandable that the organisation would at first balk at the thought of having their outlet designed in an outlandish manner. However, if the organisation would like to be welcome at Tecoma, part of the price it would have to pay would be to be as the residents. This move would refer to both the physical external design as well as the structural design. As indicated above, Tecoma is a place where people go to escape the hectic life of suburbia. It follows that each year, during peak seasons, hundreds of thousands of tourists flood Tecoma to enjoy the simple livelihoods of the residents in the place, which includes nature walks through Tecoma’s rainforests and other sightseeing activities. McDonald’s is also interested in attracting these tourists to its outlet, which is why it targeted Tecoma in the first place. Consequently, it defe ats the purpose of the context if it were to set up shop in the traditional style of all McDonald’s outlets across the world. Firstly, it would be repulsive to the tourist who just left the suburbs to find an identical McDonald’s outlet at the place where they went to seek refuge from the hustle and bustle of suburbia. This aspect would remove from the feeling and wholesomeness of Tecoma and would eventually lead to the cropping up of other suburb stores. In no time at all, Tecoma would be just another town. However, if McDonald’s were to take a different approach and put on a traditional outfit to help it stay camouflaged in the face of the simplicity of Tecoma, the residents would not be too opposed to having it there. The second modernist aspect of the decision is the lack of consultation with the relevant stakeholders before the formulation of the game plan. With proper consultation and preparation, McDonald’s entry into Tecoma would have been unimped ed by all the civil action that shall now be more costly to control or assuage. The primary stakeholders being the residents of Tecoma, through the council, McDonald’s would have been in a better position if it had allowed the residents to suggest possible entry means into the market. The venue that was selected in front of the kindergarten would perhaps have been different and this aspect would have gone around the concept of nutrition with half as much resources as shall now need to be dispatched to put out the fire. In short, it would have been better to consult with the primary stakeholders before apparently bullying in its way into Tecoma. This assertion holds for although McDonald’s have had its way after VCAT found in its favour, it still has the residents of Tecoma to contend with in the process of its operations. In the end, these people shall have to be appeased in order for McDonald’s stay at Tecoma to be productive or fruitful. It is imprudent in any perspective to begin a business interaction by burning bridges with the locality wherein the business shall be based and it is not too late for McDonald’s to mend fences and make peace with the people of Tecoma. Conclusion This analysis has provided a modernist, symbolic interpretative, and finally a postmodernist perspective into the decision by McDonald’s to open a new outlet in Tecoma. Among the various theories that it has reviewed as relevant were the environmental and the culture theories of organisation under the modernist perspective. The modernist perspective sought to provide an explanation to the decision as well as the implications. The symbolic interpretive perspective sought to bring an understanding that was based on a subjective analysis of the decision and finally, the postmodernist perspective gave a critique of the modernist analysis of the decision, including its solution. Reference List Adam, B, Beck, U Van Loon 2000, The Risk Society and Beyond: Critical Issues for Social Theory, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks. Brown, E, Gudis, C Moskowitz, M 2006, Cultures of Commerce: Representation and American Business Culture, 1877-1960, Palgrave McMillan, Basingstoke. Greenwood, R, Oliver, C, Suddaby, R Sahlin, K 2008, The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism, Sage Publications, London. Hatch, M 2007, Core Concepts of Organisation Theory, Oxford UP, London. Hatch, M Cunliffe, A 2012, Organisation Theory: Modern, Symbolic and Postmodern Perspective, Oxford University Press, New York. Hoffman, A Ventresca, M 2003, ‘Organizations, Policy, and the Natural Environment: Institutional and Strategic Perspectives’, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. 48 no. 3, pp. 538-541. Jones, G 2012, Organisational Theory, Design, and Change, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River. McDonald’s Corporation: Worldwide corporate responsibility report responsible food for sustainable future 2008. Web. Oltedal, S, Bjà ¸rg-El in, M, Klempe, H Rundmo, T 2004, Explaining risk perception: An evaluation of cultural theory, Rotunda Publications, Norway. Scott, R 2007, Institutions and Organisations: Ideas and Interests, Sage Publications, London. This essay on Three perspectives in the organisational theory was written and submitted by user Aydin N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Japan as a model industrialize essays

Japan as a model industrialize essays With the Japanese economy being viewed as one of the most prominent, industrialized economies in the world, it is vital that one considers all of the requirements of a highly industrialized society, and not base their judgments solely on economic output. Through an analysis of Japans reliance on her government to regulate her economy, it will be established that she cannot compete in the global market. Furthermore, it will be demonstrated that according to Alexander Gerschenkrons theory alluding to industrialization, Japan has not developed in a manner that will allow her to prosper. Lastly, the fact that Japan depends on technological borrowing supports Gerschenkrons theory for late industrializers. When examining all of these aspects as a whole, it is obvious that when referring to Alexander Gerschenkrons theory regarding industrialization, Japan cannot be classified as a model industrialized nation, as she possesses the characteristics of a late industrializer with a weak economic capacity. Japans reliance on her government to regulate both trading practices and business operations reflects unfair protectionism and her inability to compete in the global market. This will be validated through an analysis of the role of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) within Japans economy. Furthermore, an elucidation of a U.S based manufacturers experience in doing business in Japan will reflect protectionism within the nation. Finally, a case study on the automobile industry in Japan will be analyzed, and will portray Japans reliance on her government. When combined this evidence will exemplify the fact that Japan is unable to compete without the influence of her government and therefore cannot be considered an economic power or an industrialized model. The most prominent government influence in Japan is the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), which contro...

How to Calculate Activation Energy

How to Calculate Activation Energy Activation energy is the amount of energy that needs to be supplied in order for a chemical reaction to proceed. The example problem below demonstrates how to determine the activation energy of a reaction from reaction rate constants at different temperatures. Activation Energy Problem A second-order reaction was observed. The  reaction rate constant at three degrees Celsius was found to be 8.9 x 10-3 L/mol and 7.1 x 10-2 L/mol at 35 degrees Celsius. What is the activation energy of this reaction? Solution The  activation energy can be determined using the equation:ln(k2/k1) Ea/R x (1/T1 - 1/T2)whereEa the activation energy of the reaction in J/molR the ideal  gas constant 8.3145 J/K ·molT1 and T2 absolute temperatures (in Kelvin)k1 and k2 the reaction rate constants at T1 and T2 Step 1: Convert temperatures from degrees Celsius to KelvinT degrees Celsius 273.15T1 3 273.15T1 276.15 KT2 35 273.15T2 308.15 Kelvin Step 2 - Find Ealn(k2/k1) Ea/R x (1/T1 - 1/T2)ln(7.1 x 10-2/8.9 x 10-3) Ea/8.3145 J/K ·mol x (1/276.15 K - 1/308.15 K)ln(7.98) Ea/8.3145 J/K ·mol x 3.76 x 10-4 K-12.077 Ea(4.52 x 10-5 mol/J)Ea 4.59 x 104 J/molor in kJ/mol, (divide by 1000)Ea 45.9 kJ/mol Answer: The activation energy for this reaction is 4.59 x 104 J/mol or 45.9 kJ/mol. How to Use a Graph to Find Activation Energy Another way to calculate the activation energy of a reaction is to graph ln k (the rate constant) versus 1/T (the inverse of the temperature in Kelvin). The plot will form a straight line expressed by the equation: m - Ea/R where m is the slope of the line, Ea is the activation energy, and R is the ideal gas constant of 8.314 J/mol-K. If you took temperature measurements in Celsius or Fahrenheit, remember to convert them to Kelvin before calculating 1/T and plotting the graph. If you were to make a plot of the energy of the reaction versus the reaction coordinate, the difference between the energy of the reactants and the products would be ΔH, while the excess energy (the part of the curve above that of the products) would be the activation energy. Keep in mind, while most reaction rates increase with temperature, there are some cases where the rate of reaction decreases with temperature. These reactions have negative activation energy. So, while you should expect activation energy to be a positive number, be aware that its possible for it to be negative as well. Who Discovered Activation Energy? Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius proposed the term activation energy in 1880 to define the minimum energy needed for a set of chemical reactants to interact and form products. In a diagram, activation energy is graphed as the height of an energy barrier between two minimum points of potential energy. The minimum points are the energies of the stable reactants and products. Even exothermic reactions, such as burning a candle, require energy input. In the case of combustion, a lit match or extreme heat starts the reaction. From there, the heat evolved from the reaction supplies the energy to make it self-sustaining.

Interpretation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interpretation - Essay Example I, in this paper, explore the extent of society’s impact on people’s individual thought. Individuals are the elementary units that form a society and the people’s unique behaviors and practices define cultures and traditions that play direct roles on people and the way they think. This is because culture defines norms and thoughts that are in some cases sacred. The story, ‘A very old man with enormous wings,’ identifies the active role of the society on people’s thoughts as the author demonstrates actions and opinions that are illustrated at individual level, but with great influence from the society. Such a position of the society’s influence is attributable to the author’s style of portraying thoughts and behaviors as norms that. Pelayo, one of the main characters, demonstrates this through his response to his child’s temperature during a night. Though he is not an expert in health matters, he and his wife holds an abstr act opinion that crabs are the cause of the child’s temperature, an abstraction that can only emanate from generally held constructs, either implicitly or explicitly. The position that Pelayo and his wife hold after a scrutiny of an old stranger in their compound also identifies effects of the society on an individual’s thoughts. ... The high level of faith in the woman from members of the society is also demonstrated by other people’s reliance on her opinion to regard the old man as an angel. If the society had not dictated faith in her then some people could have come up with different views about the man’s possible origin (Marqueze, 1-2). Significance of the society is also demonstrated through Father Gonzaga’s approach to understanding the man. The Father’s society, defined by religious beliefs, dictates his understanding of the possible identity of the old man and he casts doubts on the man’s identity of an angel. The social construct of his religion further bars him from making a pronouncement on the man and extensive communication and bureaucracy have to be followed in determining who, or what the old man is. Such identification is further based on social practices among some communities such as the Aramaic. Another aspect that communicates the society’s effect on individual’s thoughts is the people’s generally held opinions that angels have extraordinary powers and can perform miracles. People from different places exhibit this general perception, come to the old man for cleansing and healing and their faith manifest through changes in their various conditions. Similarly, the society’s influence on individual’s thoughts is evident from the fact that a perception that is generally held by many people can change, abruptly, because of developed knowledge from social issues. People do not need persuasion on social mattes and quickly understands them without any consultation. When a girl who disobeyed her parent and as a punishment turned to a different creature comes to the society, no one seeks the counsel of either

The Manchurian Candidate Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Manchurian Candidate - Movie Review Example Staff Sergeant Raymond Shaw is shown in a movie about the Korean War as the gallant hero who fought for humankind and due to his strength and determination, a major step forward was made in the war. Raymond Shaw is awarded the Congressional Medal of Honour upon the recommendation of the platoon’s commander, Captain Bennett Marco. He’s shown to be a really important person as generals are made to salute him and there’s a whole parade upon his arrival. When Marco and his fellow platoon members are asked to describe Raymond Shaw, they automatically use the following phrase to describe him: â€Å"Raymond Shaw is the kindest, bravest, warmest, most wonderful human being I've ever known in my life.† But as Marco himself says it deep down they know that Shaw is a cold, sad, unsympathetic loner.After returning to the United States, the newly promoted now Major Marco starts suffering from a string of the same nightmare in which he sees a hypnotized Shaw, easily and without a single moment of hesitation murdering the two members of his platoon that had earlier not returned with. He does this in front of the Top Brass of the Communist regime during a demonstration of the Conditioning done by the Soviets to allow them to control Shaw at their will. Marco is very disturbed by these nightmares and he has trouble sleeping at night. He knows inside that there is something â€Å"Shady† about this whole incident. Marco wants to investigate this matter but due to the lack of substantial proof, he gets no help from the Army Intelligence but is transferred to the public relations department. Marco however, learns from another officer from the same platoon, Allen Melvin, that he has been having the same nightmares as well. Both Melvin and Marco separately identify the same people as the top brass they see in their dreams and thus get the support of the army to help Marco investigate.

Gaps Model of Service Quality Essay Example for Free

Gaps Model of Service Quality Essay Model are knowledge gap, standards gap, delivery gap and communication gap. Knowledge gap is the difference between customers’ expectations and the retailer’s perception of these customer’s expectations. This occurs when a person do not know what the customers expect or want. By applying knowledge gap to Hamp;M retail store, it refers to the salesperson not knowing what their customers expect/want. For example, a customer visiting the Hamp;M store may expect fast checkout at the cashier and shorter queuing time at the fitting rooms. However, the salesperson may think that the customers do not mind queuing for a longer time but would prefer friendly assistance from them and better quality clothes. Hence, such difference between customers’ expectations and retailer’s perception of their customers’ expectations will lead to knowledge gap. In order to reduce the knowledge gap, surveys, interactions and customer complaints can be done. Firstly, Hamp;M can carry out survey after each individual transaction. Hamp;M can conduct their surveys or feedback forms by distributing to every customer after they have made their payment. After they are done filling up the survey on their overall visit at Hamp;M, they can hand up their forms to the salesperson at the counter. Otherwise, Hamp;M can place a feedback box at the side to make things easier for everyone. Secondly, is through interacting with their customers and staffs. Hamp;M can get valuable feedbacks from their store employees on ways to improve on certain areas based on theirs or customer’s suggestions and comments. Apart from that, Hamp;M can actually interact with their customers through social media such as Facebook, Twitter etc. Since social media are widely used nowadays, customers would post constructive comments or feedbacks on social media such as on their Facebook walls. Hamp;M can effectively interact with their customers through such social platforms and better understand what customers expect or want. Lastly, through customer complaints, Hamp;M will then be able to find out their problem and rectify it to further improve on their services, etc. Standards Gap is the difference between the retailer’s perception of customers’ expectations and the service standards it sets. For example, the service standards Hamp;M sets for all their salesperson may be to bring the customer to that specific section when he or she asked where it is. However, the retailer’s perception of customers’ expectations may be just to direct and point out to them which level and which part it is located at instead of bringing them all the way to the area they want. Hence, such difference between the retailer’s perception of customers’ expectations and the service standards it sets will lead to standards gap. In order to reduce the standards gap, strong commitment to service quality by the top management should be done. Top management should give information and training to their service staff so as to provide quality service to their customers. Also, give clear definition of the roles of service providers by setting specific and measurable goals based on customer’s expectations. Lastly, to measure service performance of their service staffs, surveys and mystery shopping could be conducted to see how well their employees fare when they serve a customer. All these would help to set appropriate standards to deliver high quality service to their customers. Delivery gap is the difference between the retailer’s service standards and the actual service provided to customers. In this case, Hamp;M is not applicable to delivery gap as this service quality is immeasurable as there is no specific time a salesperson is given to assist or â€Å"clear† their customers. Communication gap is the difference between the retailer’s actual service and the service that the retailer’s communication programme promises. Likewise, this is also not applicable to Hamp;M as it is a retailer store rather than a transport service that needs to deliver an actual time to the customers.

John Miltons Sonnet 16 Essay -- John Milton Sonnet 16 Essays

John Milton's Sonnet 16 In his sonnets, John Milton tackles a number of subjects which he addresses at considerably greater length in his other poetry and prose. These subjects range from religious to political, and rarely is any one piece of writing limited to one or the other of those fields. While his Sonnet 16 begins with a challenge to familiar biblical passages, Milton ultimately uses it to offer a critique of the nearly ubiquitous comparison between the king and God. The sonnet features two motifs that run throughout the first seven lines. Both are biblical, and both are introduced in the first line. The one that seems to be the most significant is the light and dark imagery. In the first line, it sounds like a reference to Milton’s blindness (this is more or less plausible depending on which date of publication you accept). As this language continues to crop up, it appears that Milton’s darkness has a larger importance. In the second line, he refers to the world as dark, and in line seven, he uses the lack of light to pose a frustrated question to God. By using this vocabulary to describe his fears, Milton creates a connection with two passages from the Bible that use the same language to explain the will of God and the way of the world. In Matthew 25: 1-13, a brightly shining lantern symbolizes a person’s preparedness for God’s coming, and in John 9:4, Christ refers to the limited time he (and every man ) has to do God’s work on earth before â€Å"the night cometh, when no man can work† (King James Bible). Milton engages with these passages, so that when he reaches the height of his dilemma, â€Å"Doth God exact day-labour, light denied,/I fondly ask† he is issuing a direct challenge to a statement made b... ... God has a tireless band of angels as well as his followers among men who have learned to set aside all else and worship him. In this sonnet, Milton manages to turn his personal complaint into not one but two of his favorite things: praise of God, and intense criticism of the king. By focusing on the parable of the talents and its ties to both the worldly and the spiritual, Milton calls God and King into relief. He is then able to use God and His eternal, abiding goodness to highlight the King’s small-minded, self-centered tyranny. This direct comparison gives readers a sense of Milton’s belief that earthly authority is corrupt, and should never be a part of religion. God and the King are so vastly far apart that to bring them together, whether in poetry or in a church hierarchy, is offensive to God and can only bring out the weaknesses of the King.

Relation to the Socio-Political Essay

Comparison and Contrast of the General Tones of the Sumerian and Egyptian Hymns, in Relation to the Socio-Political and Geographic History of these Nations It is interesting to note that the Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations both sprung up beside rivers: Egypt lies in the delta of the Nile while the Sumerian civilization was on the fertile Mesopotamia along the banks of Tigris and Euphrates. It is thus expected that both civilizations revere their river, and associate them with gods, because the rivers prove to be vital to their existence and a channel of life for them. These forces of nature are considered holy and addressed by prayers. Examples of such pleas can be found in both hymns â€Å"A Sumero-Akadian Prayer to Every God† and the â€Å"Hymn to the Nile. † In these prayers, however, we find very different attitudes of the early people towards their gods. In the Sumero-Akadian prayer we will read a tone of sorrow, grief and fear by a troubled soul over his offences with the gods. The introduction fearfully desire for peace with the divinity: â€Å"May the fury of my lords heart be quieted toward me. † Throughout the text we will also find out that the gods are not named, but is rather just sanctified as an existing being that may not be offended. This apparent fear of the divinity may be attributed to the structure of the Mesopotamian civilizations, where the land was divided into different city-states believed to be owned by a deity. The Sumerian state is therefore not a solid state, but is a conglomeration of small states. Consistent fear of invasion made them turn into the divine beings for protection and blessing. As a further note, in the Sumero-Akadian civilizations, the power of government is divided into two: the lugal took care of the military powers and the even more powerful ensi was the supreme religious leader who also controlled â€Å"economic and technological expertise† (Krejci and Krejcova, p. 31). It can therefore be seen that the fear of the gods was the way of the ensi to maintain political control over his dominions. Political and social structure in Egypt proved much different from the Sumerians. The whole of Egypt was controlled by only one ruler – the Pharaohs. This unity gave the Egyptians more control over their surroundings and their country. Early on, the Egyptians had a clear sense of identity (Kemp, p. 25). This control is best exemplified by their ability to time and control the flooding of the Nile. However, geographically, the Egyptians were not as lucky as the Sumerians, as they were surrounded by deserts. This made them consider the Nile as a gift from the gods, a means by which they would live. It is therefore not surprising that the â€Å"Hymn to the Nile† is a joyous song of praise. The overall theme of the hymn is perhaps best stated in the first lines: â€Å"Hail to thee, O Nile! Who manifests thyself over this land, and comes to give life to Egypt!† References Mircea Eliade `From Primitives to Zen`: A SUMERO-AKADIAN PRAYER Ancient History Sourcebook:Hymn to the Nile, c. 2100 BCE Jaroslav Krejci, Anna Krejcova (1990). Before the European Challenge: The Great Civilizations of Asia and the Middle East. SUNY Press. Barry J. Kemp (2006). Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a Civilization, 2nd Ed. Routledge

Ethics Case Study: Homeless Man Essay

Case Facts: We decided to discuss the case of the homeless man provided in the textbook. Here are the case facts: A homeless man attempted to save a woman that was being attacked in New York City. In the process he was stabbed. He was visibly bleeding on the sidewalk for over an hour, as people walked by, took pictures and stopped to look at him. One man shook him. No one attempted to help him, stay with him, or call emergency services. The homeless man died on the sidewalk. Obligations, Duties and Rights: After reading the initial facts of the case, we discussed the obligations, duties and rights all held by the passersby and viewers of the situation. They are as follows: Every passerby has the right to their personal safety and health, as well as the right to remain silent and anonymous. Given these undeniable rights, every passerby also has the moral duty and obligation to report a witnessed crime to the authorities. They also have the duty to work towards maintaining the safety and well-being of their community. Along with this duty, comes to obligation to support and protect the most vulnerable among this community. Consequences: Our group further discussed the implications of the situation and the associated consequences, both intended and unintended, positive and negative. Following are the consequences that could have occurred if the passersby had chosen to offer aid to the homeless man: First, the man’s life could have been saved. Another outcome would be the finding and persecution of the criminal. Another, would be setting a positive example for the community, in turn promoting the safety of the community as a whole. Another positive consequence could be acting as a catalyst for future laws to be enacted aiding the community. Finally, a positive outcome from helping the homeless man would leave the passersby with altruistic emotions. Negative consequences that could result from refusing to aid the homeless man would include: The homeless man dies and the criminal escapes, potentially continuing to harm more members of the community. Another consequence includes the public losing a sense of security as well as the passersby having the uneasiness and uncertainty of not knowing the outcome of the situation if they chose to walk away before his death. Finally, if the passerby chose to walk away, they face the negative consequence of feeling of regret upon denying their personal morals and obligations. Moral Ideals: Having analyzed the facts, obligations and consequences of the case, the moral ideals that we have extrapolated are: Justice, integrity, loving kindness, and courage. Justice, â€Å"denoting the evaluation of situations according to their merits, fairly and without prejudice, as well as giving each person his or her due.† The best way to carry out justice in this situation would have been to ensure that the criminal was found and prosecuted, and protecting the life of the homeless man. Integrity, the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles regardless of who is watching, is the second moral principle that we have decided best relates to this case. If the passerby had acted with integrity, he/she would have opted to stay with or somehow help the homeless man to insure that his life was saved as opposed to denying their moral obligation in walking away and choosing to ignore the situation. The next moral principle is Loving kindness, â€Å"doing unto others as you would have them do unto you,† or simply the Golden Rule. If the passersby had showed loving kindness, they would have felt empathy towards the homeless man as a fellow human being and would have ensured that he received aid, as they would have wished someone do for them if their roles were reversed. The final moral ideal that we felt most applied to this case was courage, â€Å"consisting only in conquering fear and in withholding the body from flight no matter what the risk of pain. We felt that this moral ideal applied to the case, as it would require the passersby to ignore their rights to safety as humans and allow their obligations to aid the man override their sense of fear and insecurity. If the passerby had maintained this ideal of courage, they would have approached the homeless man and helped to save his life.

Sep 11th essays

Sep 11th essays September 11th, 2001 a day Americans will never forget, a day of mourning and sorrow. The time was approximately 9:10am on Tuesday morning. I was awaiting the arrival of my friend Michael at the Nassau Community fountain. We had the next 3 hours off and figured we would go get a bite to eat. Next to me there were two people talking, I couldnt help to overhear one of the boys say The world trade center was just blown up, come here you can see some of the smoke. Well obviously not knowing this boy, and avoiding making a fool of my self I stayed put, and didnt follow him. I just stood there wondering if this kid was for real. My friend arrived and we headed to his car to begin our long off period. When we got into the car I said Mike, I heard the world trade center was blown up. He had the same initial response that I had; he said bull shit, no way. I then recommended we tune into 660, they are always on top of the news. We were greeted with the first and scariest statement, the world trade center has just collapsed, and this is absolute mayhem... Previous to our off period we planned to stop at Best Buy, so I could purchase a DVD. When we arrived there we headed straight over to the television area. One or two customers had been hovered over the set to see what had happened. Within a few minutes many customers and concerned civilians gathered around the television set to find out exactly what had happened. We stood there with about 50 people staring at the TV, in shock and confusion. You could tell by the look on some of the peoples face they were wondering, who would do such a terrible thing, and if their friends and family were alright. Many of them already had proceeded to making cell phone calls. I remember the cell phone service being very boggled down, making it difficult to make calls, due to the large call value at that time. After about 30 minutes or so at Bes...

Definition of a Prepositional Verb and How to Use One

Definition of a Prepositional Verb and How to Use One A prepositional verb is an idiomatic expression that combines a verb and a preposition to make a new verb with a distinct meaning. Some examples of prepositional verbs in English are care for, long for, apply for, approve of, add to, resort to, result in, count on,  and deal with. The preposition in a prepositional verb is generally followed by a noun or pronoun, and thus prepositional verbs are transitive. Examples and Observations God has cared for these trees, saved them from drought, disease, avalanches, and a thousand tempests and floods. But he cannot save them from fools. (John Muir, The American Forests. The Atlantic Monthly, 1897)The difference between the old ballplayer and the new ballplayer is the jersey. The old ballplayer cared about the name on the front. The new ballplayer cares about the name on the back. (Steve Garvey)I believe in equality for everyone, except reporters and photographers. (Mahatma Gandhi) Prepositional verbs consist of a transitive verb plus a preposition with which it is closely associated. He stared at the girl.She finally decided on the blue car. Prepositional verbs do not take the particle movement rule. The verb and the following preposition can be separated by an adverb, and the preposition can precede a relative pronoun and appear at the beginning of a wh- question. He stared intently at the girl.The girl at whom he was staring was strikingly beautiful.At whom was he staring? (Ron Cowan, The Teachers Grammar of English. Cambridge University Press, 2008) Pronouncing Prepositional Verbs A prepositional verb consists of a verb plus a particle which is clearly a preposition: for example, look at, send for, rely on. These are mostly lexically singly stressed, with a primary stress going on the verb. Thus look at has the same stress pattern as edit or borrow. The second element, the preposition, being unstressed, does not get accented (unless for contrastive focus). (John Christopher Wells, English Intonation. Cambridge University Press, 2006) The Difference Between Phrasal Verbs and Prepositional Verbs There are a number of syntactic criteria you can use for distinguishing phrasal verbs from prepositional verbs: in transitive phrasal verbs, the particle is movable, but the preposition in a prepositional verb is not;the NP is the object of the verb in phrasal verbs rather than of the preposition;in both transitive and intransitive phrasal verbs, the particle carries stress, as in She took the cap off or The plane took off, while prepositions are unstressed, as in We knocked on the door.adverbials cannot intervene between the verb and the particle whereas they can between the verb and the preposition, *looked quickly up the information, but looked quickly into the oven. (Laurel J. Brinton, The Structure of Modern English: A Linguistic Introduction. John Benjamins, 2000)

Globalization Consequancess on Jordan Case Study

Globalization Consequancess on Jordan - Case Study Example By 1994, participants to the Uruguay Round of the treaty have totalled 123 countries. By 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) was incepted, becoming the successor of the GATT. Currently with 153 countries as members of the WTO, the organisation embodies the implementations of the liberalisation of trade among nations, encouraging economies of its member nations to open up to global markets. Smaller and emerging economies of the 3rd world and developing countries have very often expressed dissent over issues on matters where the sheer size and volume of trade from the direction of the more developed economies have disadvantaged the former than worked fairly in everyone's favour. Jordan signed up with the WTO in April, 2000. "Small scale industries sector was a major contributor to the industrial economy of Jordan. It accounts for 50% of the total manufacturing sector, has 20% share in exports and provides 80% of employment in industrial sectors"(Lozi, p.98) On account of this economic reality in Jordan, the small scale industry (SSI) sector is a significant indicator of the effects of globalization of trade. Since the early 1990's, the SSI sector of Jordan has already found itself in the competitive situations induced by international trade's open market environments. In a study by Basem Mohammed Lozi of the Amman College for Administrative and Financial Sciences, Al Balga Applied University in Jordan, the effects of such pressures from international competition has actually favoured the SSI sector. He writes, "Liberalization have forced all industries to constantly upgrade their quality while cutting down the costs if they want to remain and retain their place and share in the global market. Small scale industries world over including Jordan were facing the on slight of the adverse effects of globalization in the stringent requirements of quality costs, tight delivery schedules and productivity."(Lozi, p.98) Apparently, like most, if not all small scale industry sectors the world over, globalisation has become challenge to shape up in the face of international competition and demand of stricter parameters of business and trade. Unlike many in the developing economies that merely suffered on account of their inability to cope, Jordan, however, rose to the challenge. Lozi concludes, "This has resulted in more growth in its contribution to national income and exports in the 1990s."(Lozi, p 102) Nevertheless, Lozi recommends strategic directions for Jordan: "Concerted efforts are needed both from the government and more importantly, from small scale industries themselves to imbibe technological dynamism into Jordanian small scale industries. Technological up gradation and in-house technological innovations and promotion of inter-firm linkages need to be encouraged consciously and consistently." (Lozi, p 102) Globalisation and the Jordanian Society Globalisation is not only the organised and structured pressures to open local trade and economic circumstances to international markets and

Dress is a marker of national identity; discuss in relation to Coursework

Dress is a marker of national identity; discuss in relation to specific dress codes and their contexts, such as the veil and its history - Coursework Example A classification of these dress codes is usually created for wavering levels of reserve and at times the time of day. Such instances include the traditional Western culture of dressing where different gender’s dress styles portrayed the type of work and even status. In real instances, the type of dress is either followed naturally or influenced by peer pressure. This is to why people within a specific nation or society wear the same clothing in the same condition. In this analysis, this paper will concentrate on specific dress codes and the reasons they are still makers of national identity. The veil is a very old type of dressing that was mostly associated with the Islamic society. It, however, originates from the ancient European society. This included Greeks, Romans, Hittites and Persians. In addition, the Assyrian culture also wore this type of dressing. Looking at the Assyrian beliefs of the veil, it was associated with class and also gender inferences. The first recorded time it was used was with the Assyrian women back in the 13th century.2 During this period, an Assyrian veil was meant to bring class distinction and in fact the Assyrian law prohibited farmhand women and even prostitutes from putting it on. The women who went against this particular law of wearing the veil were heavily punished. In the Persia community, those women who went to public meetings were supposedly required to wear the veil. The wealthy and high class Persians used it to hide their ladies from the public eye. In a matter of years of spread, the veil then spread throughout Middle East, amidst the Persian downfall. During the colonial regime in northern Africa, women wore veils by force as a sign of their opposition against the French, who wanted them to remove them and copy the French customs and laws. This, as a result, became a

Testing jumps for individual stock Dissertation

Testing jumps for individual stock - Dissertation Example In this test, emphasis is placed in the comparison of two measures of variance: the Bipower Variation which is robust to jump contribution and the Realized Variance which includes the contribution of jumps to the total variance. And based on a high frequency data set of exchange rates, a statistically significant test of the difference between these two measures of variance provides evidence on the presence of jumps. ... e the joint asymptotic distribution of BVt and RVt as M Where And using It can be seen that there is no coincidence of the fact that asymptotically similar to a situation encountered in Hausman’s test in 1978. Asymptotically, RVt is the most efficient estimate of the integrated variance and under the no jumps assumption, BVt is less efficient estimator, therefore the difference of RVt – BVt is independent of RVt on the volatility path following of the Hausman (1978) test. According on Huang and Tauchen (2005), the power of each absolute return should be less than 2 to be robust to jumps for the statistics. With the results from Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard (2006), Andersen, Bollerslev and Diebold in 2004 used time series to test for daily jumps: Where on the assumption of no jumps: Another test for daily jumps is: The results of research conducted by Andersen, Bollerslev, Diebold and Labys (2001, 2003) and Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard (2004a) show that the sample pe rformance is improved by basing the test on the logarithm of the variation measures. Therefore the test is: And the maximum adjustment: The logarithmic adjustment to is: And the maximum adjustment is: The OP-versions of these tests are equivalent to the ratio jump of Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard’s results in 2006. A simple t-test on the Relative Jump measure is: Where the classical estimate of the variance of the mean Another form is: Where : a HAC estimator of the variance of the mean. A bootstrap version is: Where : a bootstrap estimate of the variance of the mean. The Relative Jump can get a bootstrap confidence interval (tlow, tup) for the t test. b) Empirical results: The Monte Carlo findings developed z-tests for performing the jumps in a fairly realistic scenario and analyzed on daily

Structure Of Travel Tourism And Hospitality Tourism Essay

Structure Of Travel Tourism And Hospitality Tourism Essay The purposes for this essay are to present the structure of the travel, tourism and hospitality industries. Firstly, we need to know what the definition of tourism is. As the World Tourism Organisation (WTO), tourism is the activities of person travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes (World Tourism Organisation, 1993). Therefore, the tourist is a person who travels to another place outside of their normal place of residence at least 100 miles for more than 24 hours and less than 12 months. Travel and tourism does not necessary involve travelling abroad. It could be in domestic tourism such as peoples home country, on visits to attractions, city breaks, trips to business meetings, sports events or concerts, and visits to friends or relatives. According to Weaver Lawton (2002, p.3), tourism includes the businesses that provide goods and services wholly or mainly for tourist consumption such as restaurants and food/beverage services, and lodging. Hence, it linked to hospitality industry which including accommodations segments, food services segment and other hospitality operations segments. Structure of the travel, tourism and hospitality industry The travel, tourism and hospitality industry is one of the largest industries in the world. It includes many sectors that we need to go through each part of the industry on its own. The key sectors in the travel and tourism industry can be distributed into three different parts. They are public, private and voluntary sectors. Figure 1: Tourism industry Tourism industry The private sector The public sector The voluntary sector Tour operators Travel agents Accommodations Government NTOs NATA UFTAA IATA SHA Private sector The private sector is generated of commercial operators run or owned by individuals or companies such as travel insurance, travel press, travel marketing, private colleges, tour operators or travel agents, whose main purpose is to produce benefits from the facilities and goods, which they deliver to their consumers. In addition, these agencies play a very important role in the development of the travel and tourism industry. They are the components which communicate directly with customers. For instance, they arranged a group which understand the demands of visitors and advertise their packages at different tourist locations through interactive methods of communication such as distribute brochure or advertise in their websites. Accommodations are the basic needs in tourism industry which including hotels, resorts and timeshares or condominiums, conference centres, camp and park lodges, food and beverages. For example, resorts offer good services such as spa, massage, hot tub for customers who come to relax on holiday. They gain high benefits due to customers consumptions when they provide good services. Therefore, the private sectors are commercial businesses with the objective of making a profit for shareholders and owners. They run businesses at all levels of the distribution chain suppliers, wholesalers and retailers. Public sector Public sectors are major groups who decide on the strategy and leadership for the growth of the tourism sector. This is the government body which supporting the tourism industry. The role of this organisation is to work with the industry and provide the required amount of support. The services offered by the public sector are delivered to the public and paid through government. Public sector includes NTOs and RTOs (national regional tourist offices). It may also be suppliers, especially in transportation and visitor attractions. Most of the public services are non-profit-making. Voluntary sector Voluntary sector contains different bodies involved in the lobbying and being the force factors who work for the benefit of the tourism sector and the benefit of the respective associations they represent. They are namely National Parks Association, YHA (Youth Hostels Association), National Trust, ANTOR (Association of National Tourist Office Representatives), FTO (Federation of tour Operators), ATOC (Association of Train Operating Companies), Museums Association, UK Inbound Tourism, Tourism Concern and PSA (Passenger Shipping Association). Organizations of the voluntary sector are controlled and ran mainly by volunteers. These organizations are usually not making profit or contributively. This creates some financial benefits that may include reduced rates and VAT, income tax exemption for investments, covenants and bank deposits. Voluntary sector organisations that register as contributions have to satisfy specific terms. Their purposes must be charitable, non-profit-making, for the educations improvement or for other aims beneficial to the society. Horizontal integration According to Weaver Lawton (2002), horizontal integration takes place when firms reach a higher level of consolidation or control within their own sector. Horizontal integration is where an organisation owns two or more companies, on the same level of the buying chain. For example, EasyJet took over Go! in 2002. It was a case of one budget airline taking over another no-frills airline. Although the two companies became one, they could have retained their different brand names. In fact in this case, EasyJet rapidly re-branded all of Go!s planes with their own distinctive livery. Principal Figure 2: Horizontal integration Principal Tour operator Tour operator Travel agent Travel agent Vertical integration Vertical integration occurs when a company achieve greater control over elements of the product chain outside its own sector (Weaver Lawton, 2002). This integration can be forward in the direction of the chain, or backward against the direction of the chain. Forward vertical integration is more common. Company gains greater control over distribution. It helps them getting closer to the customer. For example, an airline sets up a subsidiary to distribute or market products to consumers such as buying-out a hotel chain or car rental operation. Figure 3: Forward vertical integration Tour operator Principal Travel agent Backward vertical integration is buying upward in the distribution chain. In contrast to forward vertical integration, company gains greater control over supplies using backward vertical integration. For instance, First Choice is a tour operator which also has an airline named First Choice Airways, or Thomas Cook Holidays setting up Thomas Cook Airways. Principal Figure 4: Backward vertical integration Tour operator Travel agent Key historical developments Socio-economic Leisure time: Tourism currently very popular and it is widely acknowledged as a global social phenomenon. In most advanced developed countries, the natural of society has now changed from an economy based on manufacturing and production to focus on the services and consumer industries. Simultaneously, the disposable income and the amount of leisure time and holiday in many countries increased in the post-war period. Therefore, employees have the opportunity to engage in the new forms of consumption such as tourism. Incomes/holiday taking: The income is produced from wages, profits and interest, has increased every year. The UK economy is one of the strongest in Europe, levels of disposable income and consumer credit are rising and expenditure on leisure is growing at around 6 per cent. Depend on that, employees life is improved. They can spend time to enjoy their life such as travel without worry too much about money. Most people today will have travelled abroad and expect to take at least one holiday a year. When tourists are willing to pay for travel, tourism industry will generate more profit. Car ownership: By the early 1900s the car was being used for public transport in most cities. But it wasnt until the 1950 when the car really took off. There were only 8,000 cars in the whole of Britain at the start of the 20th century. By the end of the century the car population had soared to 21 million. Car ownership statistics gives an indication of the level of personal mobility in a population (domestic, continental travel). In 1989 in Britain, each car was used for an average of 30 trips per week, which declined to 24 by 2006. The distance travelled by car per week slightly decreased. Car ownership in the UK has increased considerably in recent decades. It is not uncommon for a household owning two or more cars in nowadays. Technological Transportation is an essential need in the tourism sector. It is divided into different areas such as air, road, rail, sea. Transportation is a tool to assist travellers to get to where they want to go. Sea: Up until the 1920s the only way to travel abroad was by boat. It used to take days/weeks to travel abroad. Nowadays, ships are mainly used for ferries to mainland Europe and for cruises. Road: Road travel is the first method people used to travel. In the past, people used to travel by horses, camels,  or even humans carrying goods over dirt tracks that often followed game trails. The most famous road in the past is Silk Road. The start of the Silk Road was on 2nd century BC when Chinese ambassador Zhang Qian visited the countries of Central Asia with diplomatic mission. Thus, travel by road is the pioneer in tourism. Nowadays, road travel can be buses, private cars, bicycles, motorbike, etc. People using those transportations to travel are much faster than in the past. Rail: After sea and road, rail is the third method people use to travel. By the end of the 2nd world war (1940s) the rail network covered nearly every town and village. Japan is the country famous for mass and high-speed trains. Moreover, Japan has an impressive number of subway systems. Air: Travel by air is the latest and fastest transportation in the world. The first commercial flight from the UK was to Paris in 1919, but it was very expensive. In the 1970 the introduction of the Boeing 747 brought flying cost down dramatically and open doors to mass tourism. In our time, people can travel from one place to another place very convenience. For example, a flight from Singapore to Vietnam only need 4 hours including food and beverage in the plane, while traveling by sea needs days. As we can see, tourism cannot develop without technological. It is a part has a great contribution to the tourism industry. Business developments Airlines/air travel: Airlines or air travel play a very important role in the travel and tourism industry. Early forms of technology in the travel and tourism industry were systems which linked tour operators to travel agencies via terminals and allowed travel agents to make bookings through the system. Meanwhile, airlines developed computer reservation systems (CRS). Airlines started to use computers in the 1950s to store and change the huge amount of information they needed to access. The CRS was used internally by airlines, and agents would use the OAG publication to look up flight times etc., and then telephone the airline to make a booking. Tour operators: The role of tour operators is to put together all the different components that make up a holiday and sell them as packages to the consumer. They make contracts with hoteliers, airlines and other transport companies to put the package together. All the holiday details are incorporated into a brochure which is distributed either to travel agents or directly to customers. In simple terms, they organise and package different elements of the tourism experience, then offer the product for sale to the public through different mediums like leaflets, brochures, advertisements, etc. Travel agents: The role of travel agents is to give advice and information and sell and administer bookings for a number of tour operators. They also sell flights, ferry bookings, car hire, insurance and accommodation as separate products. Thus, they are distributors of products. Increasingly, travel agents also do a little tour operating, for example putting together a holiday for a group. Some industry professionals believe that the role of the travel agent is in decline as many people are booking their own holidays and travel on the Internet or by telephone directly to tour operators. Conclusion In conclusion, this assignment helps me know more about the structure of travel, tourism and hospitality and key historical developments of its industry. Hence, I will know how tourism and hospitality work. Briefly, tourism and hospitality industry is one of the largest industries in the world. It plays a very important role in the industry. There are many sectors which contribute and help to generate the tourism and hospitality industry. They are indispensable parts of the travel, tourism and hospitality industry.

ME :: essays research papers

Me Hey you, yes you. Is there anyone else that I could be talking to? Read this. Just the beginning part and if you don’t like it then don’t read it. I wont force you. And if you decided to read this, you might be wondering what the title means. Well it’s a mindless waste of paper and ink as it is about (NO, you dimwit, it isn’t about the Windows Millennium Edition!!!) me, the writer, who is simply telling you (the reader) about his boring and melodramatic life. Now that you know the meaning of the title lets, us begin this waste of time. I was born in Karachi, on the 12th of September in the early nineteen eighty’s, along with two other babies, but not from the same mother. I was a healthy baby boy of nine pounds and a loud voice. I was the second born, of my mother, but the biggest by my mother. I was told that I was a troublesome baby, but hey, how do I know what happened or what I did seventeen and a half years ago. Anyway, that’s enough about my birth. (If you want to know more, feel free to contact my lawyer, who is currently in a coma due to a head injury sustained while guest starring in the Jerry Springer Show) I was christened after twenty- one days of my birth and was named Hassan, after one of the Imam’s in my religion, Islam. And through these seven-teen and half years, I have proven my name wrong in it’s meaning except in a few certain aspects. I started to speak at the tender age of two and a half years, and my first word, as my elders tell me, is â€Å"Chicken†. I still wonder, to this day how I said it, but for some strange reason or the other, all of my favorite foods and dishes are or contain some form of chicken in them. I grew up to be large and tall, and due to this I was kicked out of kindergarten and promoted to grade I. This was the first and last time I was double promoted, not because of my intelligence of because of my size. Like they say ‘SIZE DOES MATTER!!!!’ Anyway, enough of that. I must have shifted more cities than anyone else in my age, except the babies of nomads. I first lived

Pleasantville Essay

David and Jennifer lead different high school social lives. Jennifer is shallow and extroverted. David is introverted and spends most of his time watching televisions. One evening while their mother is away, they fighting over the TV. Jennifer wants to watch a concert but David wants to watch a marathon of the Pleasantville. During the fight, the remote control breaks and TV cannot be turned on manually. When the mysterious TV repairmen show up to quizzes David about the Pleasantville and gives him a strange remote control. David and Jennifer resume fighting right after the repairman leaves, however they are somehow transported into Pleasantville living room. David and Jennifer must pretend they are Bud and Mary Sue, the son and daughter of the show. David tell Jennifer they must stay in character and do not disrupt the lives of the town, who does not know any difference between Bud and Sue to David and Jennifer. David and Jennifer have to fix in the show, but Jennifer doesn’t like lives they has in Pleasantville and David love the roles he play as Bud. Jennifer was a popular girl in high school, and she never focus on school but her boyfriend. David always focus on school and the Pleasantville show. David doesn’t have much reaction to show like Jennifer. David always wanted his life as Pleasantville show. Jennifer went along with her role as Mary Sue but she changes her roles a little. Jennifer changes the Pleasantville by having sex with her boyfriend that made him color. Jennifer didn’t play her role exactly the way she supposed to, but David plays his perfect role as Bud. He went along with the Pleasantville until Jennifer start changing her role as Mary Sue. She shows them how her lives were as Jennifer not Mary Sue. When people starting become color, they freak out; they didn’t know what was happening to them. Jennifer and David started showing the Pleasantville village people about their lives outside of Pleasantville, about how they are color and things they have outside of village. The end of Pleasantville, people reaction became angry about people and village changes. David started changing people feeling in the court, David show them about how emotion feel and once emotional get in them, they start changing color and feeling reaction toward to others. David and Jennifer reaction has changes a little from beginning of the movie. David wanted play his roles as Bud, until he found out about the changes with his mother and his boss. David helps his family by showing everybody about the emotion and their lives outside of Pleasantville. David didn’t want his live as Bud, he miss his lives at home with his mother. Jennifer reaction has change a little, she didn’t play her role as Mary Sue. She hasn’t changed her lives outside of Pleasantville to inside of the village. Jennifer realizes that she like her life as Mary Sue and Pleasantville has changed her to become better person. End of the Pleasantville David went home while Jennifer stay in the village to enjoy her life.